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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*be.lface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of salmon (Salmo taimen)face="Times New Roman Star"вид лосося


face="Times New Roman Star"bil







face="Times New Roman Star"bel

face="Times New Roman Star"bil
face="Times New Roman Star"bel










face="Times New Roman Star"Лексика 179.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kar/ylgan / *Karlyganface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"currantface="Times New Roman Star"смородина


face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|an






face="Times New Roman Star"qazyrg|an, qazyr qat (Верб.)face="Times New Roman Star"qazylg|an
face="Times New Roman Star"xorlъg|an

face="Times New Roman Star"qazylg|anface="Times New Roman Star"qazylg|an

face="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|anface="Times New Roman Star"qarlyg|an (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 309-310, Федотов 2, 367.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAramukface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"cockleface="Times New Roman Star"куколь
face="Times New Roman Star"qaramuq (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"dial. karamukface="Times New Roman Star"qaramyq (Sib.)face="Times New Roman Star"qaramuq (Pav. C., MA)face="Times New Roman Star"qo|re|mug|face="Times New Roman Star"qarimuq











face="Times New Roman Star"qaramyqface="Times New Roman Star"qaramyq




face="Times New Roman Star"qaramyq
face="Times New Roman Star"qaramc?yqface="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 296-297.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.dyface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"pine treeface="Times New Roman Star"сосна









face="Times New Roman Star"xara-xazy


face="Times New Roman Star"xyrъface="Times New Roman Star"kytyan 'juniper'
face="Times New Roman Star"xadyface="Times New Roman Star"xady









face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 291-292, Мудрак Дисс. 179. Most languages reflect the compound *Kara-ka.dy (borrowed in Mong. as qarag|ai 'larch').
face="Times New Roman Star"*su"gsu"nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"napeface="Times New Roman Star"затылокface="Times New Roman Star"su"sgu"n (OUygh.) 'backside, rump'
face="Times New Roman Star"su"gsu"n, su"jsu"n (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) su"ksu"n (AH)


face="Times New Roman Star"su"jsu"n


face="Times New Roman Star"su"skenek















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 856, Лексика 234-235, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*a.nkajface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"young of ungulates (less than 1-year-old)face="Times New Roman Star"детеныш копытных животных (до года)











face="Times New Roman Star"anaj

face="Times New Roman Star"yn|a:x 'young of ungulates and bears'
face="Times New Roman Star"anaj, Todzh. a'najface="Times New Roman Star"anhaj









face="Times New Roman Star"Рассадин 154.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KAlbaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"wild garlic, leekface="Times New Roman Star"черемшаface="Times New Roman Star"? qalma 'a k. of food' (Rach.)








face="Times New Roman Star"xalbaface="Times New Roman Star"qalbaface="Times New Roman Star"qalma



face="Times New Roman Star"xylba










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 227. Cf. an OT (MK) Hapax keleb 'a tender plant which grows in the Turk's summer pastures and fattens livestock quickly' (EDT 716), keleb-le- 'to be covered by this plant (of a mountain)', for which cf. also Sak. kalarba" 'a k. of plant, whose root is used in medicine' (Bailey 35). See also Стеблин-Каменский 1982, 77, comparing the Sak. form with Pers., Tadzh. kalam 'cabbage' (> Turkm. kelem) - these all may be variously transformed substratum loanwords, cf. also Greek kramba": 'cabbage, radish, rutabaga' - according to Frisk possibly < Pelasg.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"bru"gface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"drumface="Times New Roman Star"барабанface="Times New Roman Star"ku"bru"g (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"vru"g (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kewru"g (Osm.)
face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar.) ku"wru" (Qutb), ku"vru"g (IM)























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 690-691.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:pface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 caul 2 virgin's hymen 3 scrotum 4 bladder 5 afterbirthface="Times New Roman Star"1 оболочка плода 2 девственная плева 3 мошонка 4 пузырь 5 послед
face="Times New Roman Star"qap (MK) 1, qapaq (MK) 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qapc?yq 3, 4






face="Times New Roman Star"qabyc?aq 1face="Times New Roman Star"qapc?yq 3
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pc?ek 5

face="Times New Roman Star"xapc?yq 3










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 578, 583; ЭСТЯ 5, 266-267 (the root should be probably distinguished from the homonymous *Ka:p 'sack, cover' q. v. sub *k[a:]p`a/).
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to blowface="Times New Roman Star"дутьface="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (Pav. C., AH, Houts.), hu"r- (R.)




face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-
face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-

face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"r-

face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"r-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 195-196, ЭСТЯ 1, 635-636, Stachowski 253.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sogut / *soktuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"stuffed guts, sausageface="Times New Roman Star"набитые внутренности, колбаса
face="Times New Roman Star"sog|ut, soqtu (MK)














face="Times New Roman Star"su:k-xan
face="Times New Roman Star"soqtoface="Times New Roman Star"soqta







face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 806.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyj-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 greedy, miserly 2 wise, clever 3 to offer, sacrifice 4 to dareface="Times New Roman Star"1 жадный, скупой 2 мудрый, умный 3 жертвовать, приносить в жертву, посвящать себя 4 сметь, решаться, покушаться

face="Times New Roman Star"kyj- 3face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 4face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 4 (AH)


face="Times New Roman Star"Gyj- 3, 4
face="Times New Roman Star"xyjg|a 2, xyjtyx 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qyjg|a 1
face="Times New Roman Star"xъj- 4



face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 3, 4face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 4
face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 4face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 3face="Times New Roman Star"qyj- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 262, ЭСТЯ 6, 197-198 (confused with *Kyj- 'to cut aslant' which should be probably kept apart).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAjaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 buttocks 2 thigh 3 waistface="Times New Roman Star"1 ягодицы 2 ляжка 3 поясница
face="Times New Roman Star"jaja (MK) 1


face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aja 1



face="Times New Roman Star"c?aja 3





face="Times New Roman Star"c?aja: 2
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aja 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?aja 1







face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 980, VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 12, Лексика 281.
face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)ip-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"violet-coloured, purpleface="Times New Roman Star"фиолетовый, бордовыйface="Times New Roman Star"jipin, jipginface="Times New Roman Star"jipkil (MK)











face="Times New Roman Star"j@w|pk@w|n 'deep-coloured'

face="Times New Roman Star"o"kpen|






face="Times New Roman Star"ipkin


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 877, 874, Федотов 1, 197.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Tydynface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"time, appointed timeface="Times New Roman Star"срокface="Times New Roman Star"tydyn (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"tyd|yn



















face="Times New Roman Star"tyna (3 Sg. Dat.) 'промежуток рабочего времени от одной передышки до другой'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 457.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)al/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 lazy, vile (in addressing a slave) 2 lazy, stubbornface="Times New Roman Star"1 ленивый, негодный (обращение к рабу) 2 ленивый, упрямый
face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| (MK) 1

face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"qas?s?an| 'poor, beggar'face="Times New Roman Star"qas?s?aq 1, 2, qas?an| 2




face="Times New Roman Star"qaz?an| 2
face="Times New Roman Star"xъli 'невзрачный, плохонький', xъlin 'хитрец, упрямец, лодырь, лентяй'



face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| 2

face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qas?s?aq 1, 2, dial. qas?an 2


face="Times New Roman Star"qasan| 2

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 673, ЭСТЯ 5, 348-350. Turk. > WMong. qas?an| 'slow, lazy' (Clark 1980, 42); some of the modern Turkic forms may be borrowed back from Mong. (as certainly is Chuv. xaz?an).
face="Times New Roman Star"*jogduface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"hair in camel's beardface="Times New Roman Star"волосы под подбородком у верблюда, льва и т.д.
face="Times New Roman Star"jog|du, jog|ru(j) (MK), z?|og|du (Oghuz., Kypch. MK)







face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|dyrface="Times New Roman Star"jog|dra 'tassel' (Верб.)




face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|dur
face="Times New Roman Star"z?|og|dor








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 899, ДТС 270, Clark 1977, 165. Turk. > WMong. z?|og|dur id.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sygface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"shallowface="Times New Roman Star"мелкийface="Times New Roman Star"syq (syg|) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"sy:, syq (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"syg|













face="Times New Roman Star"sy:k










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 415, EDT 804, ЭСТЯ 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sydyr-gakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 a cloven hoof 2 double shin boneface="Times New Roman Star"1 раздвоенное копыто 2 двойная голенная кость
face="Times New Roman Star"syd|yrg|aq (MK) 1


face="Times New Roman Star"sig|raq 1



face="Times New Roman Star"syzyro 'fork'



face="Times New Roman Star"ytarc?a 'сковородник оленьей кости' (Пек.)












face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 803. Cf. *syn|yr-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sin|- (? -y-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 whining or buzzing noise 2 to whine, moanface="Times New Roman Star"1 скулеж, визг 2 визжать, хныкать, стонать
face="Times New Roman Star"sin| 1, sin|ile- 2face="Times New Roman Star"sinle-, dial. senele- 2






face="Times New Roman Star"syn| 1, sy:la- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"s?ъngъr 1, s?ъngъrdat- 2face="Times New Roman Star"in|ersij- 'to neigh, coo' (Пек.)
face="Times New Roman Star"sy:la- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"syn|g|yr 1, syn|-qylda- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"hyn|-qylda- 'to sob'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 832, 840.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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